Hydrocephalus occurs when fluid builds up deep inside the brain. The cerebrospinal fluid naturally flows through the ventricle and coats the brain and spinal column. When there is too much fluid or if the pressure from the flow of the fluid is too strong, it can cause hydrocephalus. This condition can affect people of all ages but is more common in infants and the elderly. Treatment and therapy can help correct and manage hydrocephalus.
Hydrocephalus is caused by too much spinal fluid being produced and how much is absorbed into the bloodstream. There may be an obstruction, poor or slow absorption, or overproduction that causes too much pressure and fluid to build up in the brain. The brain swells as a reaction to the pressure, and the head becomes enlarged.
The symptoms of hydrocephalus can vary from person to person. Children usually have more obvious symptoms than adults. It can also cause more severe reactions in children. Some people experience a variety of symptoms, while others only experience a few of them. These symptoms include:
Doctors can often diagnose hydrocephalus just by looking at the head. They will conduct tests to confirm a diagnosis before making it official. In order to do this, they must be able to see inside the brain. Some common tests for the condition include:
Hydrocephalus is treated with surgery. There are two different surgical options available. The cause of the problem and the overall health of the patient can be factored in which treatment option is best. These options include:
The prognosis for people who suffer from hydrocephalus can vary. Some people recover and do not have complications or reoccurring problems. Others struggle with hydrocephalus throughout their lives. The causes of the hydrocephalus play a role in the prognosis. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the chances of a good prognosis.