Epicondylitis, commonly referred to as tennis elbow, is a form of tendinitis that causes pain in your arm and elbow. The condition occurs when the tendons connecting your arm muscles to the bone swell up. Usually, this happens when you…
Knee arthroscopy is a surgical procedure used by doctors to diagnose and treat health problems in and around your knee joint, including issues like a misaligned patella or torn meniscus. During a knee arthroscopy, your doctor will make a small…
Doctors use bone biopsies to help properly diagnose and treat a variety of conditions, including cancer and bone diseases. During the test, your doctor will take samples of cells or tissues from your bones for examination. There are two types…
The vertebral column consists of vertebrae stacked on top of each to form a hollow canal that protects the spinal cord. The vertebrae are classified into cervical (in the neck), thoracic (in the chest), lumber (the waist), sacral and coccygeal…
The knee joint is a hinge joint comprising three bones, femur(thigh bone), tibia(shin bone) and the patella (knee cap). The lower surface of femur and upper end of tibia is covered with cartilage. The cartilage in turn is covered by…
Shoulder replacement surgery is a procedure used to help patients with pain, or reduced mobility in their shoulder joint. Annually 53,000 Americans undergo shoulder replacement surgery. The shoulder joint is a ball and socket type of joint and formed by…
The shoulder joint is composed of three bones; humerus, scapula and clavicle. Theses bones are held in place with the help of ligaments. Movement at the shoulder joint is provided by muscle attached to or originating from these bones. The…
The vertebral column is made up of vertebrae and the cartilage disks between them. The processes of the vertebrae have facets in them. Facets from adjacent vertebrae fit together to form zygoapophysial joints, which allow the movement in the back.…
The vertebral column forms a bony canal which protects the spinal cord. Formation of bony ingrowths, due to arthritis, from the vertebra into the spinal canal may lead to compression of the nerve roots leading to radiating pain. Laminectomy is…
Needle Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve conduction study are a part of a group of tests called electro diagnostic tests. These tests are used to assess the functioning of the muscle and the nerve supplying it. In addition to this, they…