Neonatology is a field of medicine that promotes the health of newborn infants. Most of the time, this type of healthcare tends to babies who are born prematurely or who have certain medical conditions when they are born. Doctors who work in this field are primarily hospital-based, and they work in neonatal intensive care units, also referred to as the NICU. These medical professionals are important in ensuring that new babies are healthy before they go home with their parents.

A pediatrician is a healthcare professional who specializes in treating children. They offer physical, behavioral, and mental care for children from birth until age 18. They diagnose and treat common childhood illnesses and health problems as well as more serious health conditions.They also monitor children with checkups to make sure they are growing properly and hitting the correct milestones.